Review into Prevent and Ali Harbi Ali: terms of reference
Updated 2 June 2025
Background
1. On 13 April 2022, Ali Harbi Ali (AHA) was sentenced to a Whole Life Sentence for the murder of Sir David Amess that took place in Southend on 15 October 2021. During the trial, a number of details about AHA鈥檚 history were made public, including that he had a Prevent footprint.
2. AHA was referred to Prevent in October 2014 by his college. He was 18 years old. After assessment by Prevent Officers, it was recommended that AHA be discussed at a Channel Panel. As a result, AHA was adopted onto Channel in November 2014, meeting with an Intervention Provider on one occasion. AHA was exited from Channel in April 2015, as his terrorism risk was deemed to be low. A post-exit review was completed at 12-months (only appended to the system in December 2016 due to a system error) and made the same determination on risk.
3. Once made aware of AHA鈥檚 engagement with the Prevent programme in the immediate aftermath of the murder, the Home Office and Counter Terrorism Policing HQ jointly commissioned a Prevent Learning Review (PLR) to understand the extent of the interactions. 皇冠体育app PLR was published on 12 February 2025.
4. 皇冠体育app inquest into Sir David鈥檚 death was suspended on 23 June 2022. This was because the Coroner found that the criminal trial had already answered the statutory questions of who the deceased was, and how, when and where they came about their death. In response to a request from the Amess family, the Coroner reviewed the initial decision. On 31 July 2024, the Coroner made the decision not to reopen the inquest.
Purpose and remit of the review
5. 皇冠体育app purpose of the Review is to ensure that lessons from this specific case have been learned, to assess whether wider changes to Prevent have been implemented effectively and to identify whether further changes are required.
6. 皇冠体育app remit of the Interim Commissioner is to assess engagement between AHA and Prevent for the period October 2014 to December 2016. Events outside this period will be considered by the Interim Commissioner should it be considered necessary.
7. 皇冠体育app PLR was completed on 8 February 2022, by Gary Dunnagan. 皇冠体育app PLR was conducted within strict parameters, due to the need to be cognisant of the (at the time) ongoing criminal investigation and the coronial process. As such, the Interim Commissioner may wish to use the PLR as a starting point to identify if further learning regarding the specific handling of the case is needed, and whether it indicates (considering improvements already made) that there are gaps remaining, or more fundamental policy changes required.
8. 皇冠体育app objectives of the review are to:
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a. Identify whether there is further learning regarding the specific handling of the case, and if there are any additional findings to add to the PLR now that more information is known/accessible.
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b.聽Determine whether appropriate and effective action has been taken to implement the findings of the PLR.
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c.聽Examine improvements made to Prevent since April 2015, when AHA was exited and determine whether they have sufficiently strengthened the Prevent system.
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d.聽Identify remaining gaps or shortcomings that require further improvement and assure action to address them.
Duration and publication
9. 皇冠体育app review, and subsequent report, must be completed during the Interim Commissioner鈥檚 tenure.
10. Following the conclusion of the Review, the Interim Commissioner will submit his findings to the Home Secretary. A decision will then be taken on publication.
Oversight
11. This Review has been commissioned by the Home Secretary and the Interim Commissioner may direct any queries to Director, Home Office Strategy. Policy detail, as necessary, will be provided by the Prevent Directorate.
Resourcing
12. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner will operate independently of the Prevent Directorate, but will report into and be supported by the Home Office. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner will be provided support appropriate to fulfil his responsibilities, including research or analytical support.
Information sharing
13. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner must be able to request that the below named organisations provide all information, data and other material that is relevant or potentially relevant to this Review, without limitation based on the classified nature of such material or otherwise. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner must also be granted access, if required, to all personnel who may have information or evidence relevant to this Review. This is to ensure the Interim Commissioner has access to the information needed to conduct a thorough Review:聽
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a.聽Counter-Terrorism Policing
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b.聽Croydon Council
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c.聽Department for Education
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d.聽Department for Health and Social Care
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e.聽Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government聽聽聽聽聽
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f.聽Home Office
14. 皇冠体育app Prevent Directorate will share relevant information and data, and arrange access to relevant Prevent personnel, with the Interim Commissioner and respond to reasonable requests for new analysis to support the Interim Commissioner in a timely manner.
15. 皇冠体育app Prevent Directorate will ensure the sharing of information and data, and arrange access to relevant personnel, for the wider Counter-Terrorism system, Other Government Departments, local authorities and operational partners including Counter-Terrorism Policing and Merseyside Police.
16. 皇冠体育app Home Office Sponsorship Unit will ensure that appropriate arrangements are made for the Commissioner to store and access classified and sensitive material.
17. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner will:
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i.聽Be clear when requesting information and data, for what purpose it will be used for and how it links to the review commissioned by the Home Secretary.
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ii.聽Adhere to the Home Office Data Protection Policy v1.1 (Data and Identity Directorate) in the storing of any data sets.
18. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner is not subject to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) as he is not listed as an independent public authority in Schedule 1 to the FOIA.
19. Where the Interim Commissioner has requested information he considers relevant to his work, and that has not been forthcoming from negotiations at working level, the below escalation process should be followed:
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i.聽皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner will inform the Prevent Directorate of the request made, how it is relevant to his work, the key objections to release of the information, and how he has attempted to resolve the issue.
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ii. If the Prevent Directorate are satisfied that it is a reasonable request and that the Commissioner has exhausted his options, they will escalate to the Home Office Senior Sponsor (Director Home Office Strategy) to resolve with relevant partner.
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iii.聽If still not forthcoming, the matter will be escalated to the Home Office Director General responsible for the Interim Commissioner (DG Homeland Security) to raise bilaterally with counterparts.
Clearance
20. 皇冠体育app Interim Commissioner has DV clearance until October 2025, allowing for access to material considered higher classification. Any supporting staff utilised for the review will also be put through clearance processes as necessary to enable the effective undertaking of duties.聽
Conflicts of interest
21. Potential conflicts of interest should be raised with Director Home Office Strategy immediately, and appropriate action taken to manage them.